Intestinal Bacteria Maintain Adult Enteric Nervous System and Nitrergic Neurons via Toll-like Receptor 2-induced Neurogenesis in Mice
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
5-HT4 receptor-mediated neuroprotection and neurogenesis in the enteric nervous system of adult mice.
Although the mature enteric nervous system (ENS) has been shown to retain stem cells, enteric neurogenesis has not previously been demonstrated in adults. The relative number of enteric neurons in wild-type (WT) mice and those lacking 5-HT(4) receptors [knock-out (KO)] was found to be similar at birth; however, the abundance of ENS neurons increased during the first 4 months after birth in WT b...
متن کاملNeurogenesis in the enteric nervous system.
The enteric nervous system (ENS) represents the highly organized intrinsic innervation of the gastrointestinal tract and plays a critical role for all stages of postnatal life. Severe disturbances of ENS function can significantly influence life quality or, in severe cases, can have acute life-threatening effects. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated the persistence of neural stem c...
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The subgranular zone (SGZ) of hippocampal dentate gyrus (HDG) is a primary site of adult neurogenesis. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), are involved in neural system development of Drosophila and innate immune response of mammals. TLR2 is expressed abundantly in neurogenic niches such as adult mammalian hippocampus. It regulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis. However, the role of TLR2 in adult neur...
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Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a T cell mediated autoimmune disease with unknown etiology. Appropriate MS therapeutic strategies need thorough understanding of both disease etiology and pathogenesis mechanisms. Ligation of TLR-2 and TLR-4 stimulates the production of several cytokines leading to CNS autoimmunity and neurodegenerative diseases. Objective: To find a relationship between M...
متن کاملToll-like receptor 2 regulates intestinal inflammation by controlling integrity of the enteric nervous system: why were TLR3's roles not tested?
BACKGROUND & AIMS In the intestines, Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) mediates immune responses to pathogens and regulates epithelial barrier function; polymorphisms in TLR2 have been associated with inflammatory bowel disease phenotype. We assessed the effects of TLR2 signaling on the enteric nervous system (ENS) in mice. METHODS TLR2 distribution and function in the ileal neuromuscular layer of ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Gastroenterology
سال: 2020
ISSN: 0016-5085
DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.03.050